4ÔÂ5ÈÕ£¬Õë¶ÔÈðÐÒ¿§·ÈÉæÏÓ22ÒÚÔª²ÆÎñÔì¼Ùһʣ¬ÈðÐÒ¿§·È¶Ê³¤Â½ÕýÒ«ÔÚ΢ÐÅÅóÙȦ·¢ÎÄÖÂǸ¡£ÈðÐÒÊÂÎñÈÔÔÚ·¢½Í£¬°ü¹ÜȦҲǣÉæÆäÖС£Öйúƽ°²´ËÇ°»ØÓ¦ÈðÐÒͶ±£¶ÔðÏÕÊÂÒ˳ƣ¬¡°ÒÑÊÕµ½ÀíÅâÉêÇ룬ÕýÔÚ½øÒ»²½´¦Öóͷ£ÖС±¡£
ÈËÃDz»½ûÒªÎÊ£º²ÆÎñÔì¼ÙµÄÔðÈΣ¬°ü¹Ü¹ÜÅâÂð£¿ÍŽáÈðÐÒ¸ö°¸£¬±±´óΰÒײ©×éÖ¯ÓëÕ½ÂÔÖÎÀíϵÖúÀí½ÌÊÚ¡¢²©Ê¿Éúµ¼Ê¦Ò×ϣޱ׫ÎÄ£¬´ÓѧÊõ½Ç¶È£¬Ì½ÌÖ¡°¶ÔðÏÕ¡±µÄÉèÁ¢³õÖ¾£¬ÒÔ¼°ËüÔÚ¹«Ë¾ÖÎÀíÖÐÊÎÑݵĽÇÉ«¡£
ÎÄ£üÒ×Ï£Þ±
4ÔÂ2ÈÕÍí¼ä£¬ÈðÐÒ¿§·È¡°×ÔÆØ¡±¹«Ë¾±£´æαÔì²ÆÎñÊý¾Ý£¬Éæ¼°2019ÄêµÚ¶þ¼¾¶ÈÖÁµÚËÄÐò¶È22ÒÚÔªÏúÊÛ½ð¶î¡£´ËÊÂÒ»³ö£¬ÈðÐÒ¿§·ÈÃÀ¹ÉÅÌÇ°Ò»¶Èµø·ù´ï85%¡£4ÔÂ3ÈÕÍí¼ä£¬Ò»ÌõÐÂÎÅͻȻ·ºÆðÔÚ¹«¹²ÊÓÏßµ±ÖУº¡°Öйúƽ°²»ØÓ¦ÈðÐÒͶ±£¶ÔðÏÕÊÂÒË£ºÒÑÊÕµ½ÀíÅâÉêÇ룬ÕýÔÚ½øÒ»²½´¦Öóͷ£ÖС£¡±¾ÝýÌ屨µÀ£¬ÈðÐÒÔÚ¸°ÃÀÉÏÊÐǰͶ±£Á˶ÔðÏÕ£¬º£ÄÚÔ¼ÓÐÊ®¶à¼Ò°ü¹Ü¹«Ë¾ÒÔ¹²±£ÌåµÄÐÎʽ¼ÓÈëÁ˴˴γб££¬Æ½°²Ò²ÔÚÆäÖС£
Õâ²»½ûÈóԹÏȺÖÚîªÄ¿½áÉ࣬¸÷ÈËÔÚÉúÑÄÖлáΪÒâÍâµÄ±¬·¢¹ºÖÃÒâÍâÏÕ¡¢Îª²»¿ÉÔ¤ÖªµÄ¼²²¡Î£º¦¹ºÖÃÒ½ÁÆÏÕºÍÖؼ²ÏÕ£¬¿ÉÊÇ£¬ÈôÊDzÆÎñ³óÎÅÕâÖÖ¡°Ö÷¹ÛÄܶ¯¡±µÄ²»Á¼ÐÐΪ¶¼ÄÜÉÏ°ü¹ÜµÄ»°£¬Æñ²»ÊÇÈËÈ˶¼¿ÉÒÔÏÈÂò°ü¹Ü£¬ÔÙ×ö»µÊ£¬×îºóÈðü¹Ü¹«Ë¾ÀíÅâ¾ÍÍêÁË£¿
¸÷È˵ĵ£ÐIJ¢·ÇºÁÎÞÔÀí¡£ÊÂʵÉÏ£¬°ü¹ÜµÄ¹ºÖÃÕßÔڲα£ºóµÄÐÐΪ¸Ä±ä£¨ºÃ±È£¬¾ÓÐÄ´ÓʸßΣº¦µÄÔ˶¯£©¸ø°ü¹Ü¹«Ë¾´øÀ´Ëðʧ£¬ÊǾ¼ÃѧÖС°Æ·µÂΣº¦¡±ÕâÒ»¿´·¨µÄÆðÔ´¡£¾ÙÒ»¸ö¼òÆÓµÄÀý×Ó£¬Î°Òײ©ÉúÑÄÖУ¬²»·¦¼ûµ½Ò»Ð©ÀÏÑÌÃñ£¬ÂòÍêÒ½ÁÆÏպ󣬳¤ÊæÒ»¿ÚÎÇ£¬ÎüÑ̳éµÃ¸üÐ×£¬ÓÉÓÚ£¬ºáÊúÕâÏÂÉú²¡ÓÐÈ˹ÜÅâÁË£¡¶ø¶Ô°ü¹Ü¹«Ë¾À´Ëµ£¬ÓÉÓÚ²»¿ÉÄܶÔÂò°ü¹ÜµÄÈ˾ÙÐÐ24СʱȫÌìºò³¹µ×µÄ¼à¿Ø£¬ÕâÖÖÓÉÌõÔ¼Íê³ÉºóµÄË«·½ÐÅÏ¢²î³Ø³ÆÐÔÒý·¢µÄËðʧ£¬¾Í±»³Æ×÷¡°Æ·µÂΣº¦¡±¡£Í¬ÑùµØ£¬ÈôÊÇÓÐÒ»¸ö¡°¶ÔðÏÕ¡±Äܸø²ÆÎñ³óÎŵĶÊ¡¢¸ß¹Ü¡¢¼àÊ°ü¹Ü£¬ÄÇÆñ²»ÊÇÂòÍê°ü¹ÜÒԺ󣬡°¶¼à¸ß¡±ÃǶ¼¸üÎÞºó¹ËÖ®ÓǵØÈ¥¸É»µÊÂÁË£¬Ôõô»áÓÐÕâÑùµÄ°ü¹ÜÄØ£¿
Õâ¾ÍÐèÒªÎÒÃÇÏÈÀ´°ÇÒ»°Ç¡°¶ÔðÏÕ¡±µÄ¹ÊÊÂÁË£¬ËüÉèÁ¢µÄ³õÖ¾ÊÇʲô£¿ÕâÑùµÄÒ»¸ö°ü¹Ü£¬ÔÚ¹«Ë¾ÖÎÀíÖÐÓÖÊÎÑÝ×ÅÔõÑùµÄ½ÇÉ«£¿²ÆÎñÔì¼ÙµÄÔðÈΣ¬Õâ¸ö°ü¹Ü¹ÜÅâÂð£¿
Ê×ÏÈ£¬¡°¶ÔðÏÕ¡±È«³ÆÊǶʸ߹ÜÔðÈΰü¹Ü£¬ËüÊǶÊ¡¢¼àʼ°¸ß¹ÜÔÚÍÆÐÐÖ°ÔðÀú³ÌÖУ¬ÒòÊÂÇéÊèºö¡¢²»µ±ÐÐΪ±»×·¾¿ÔðÈÎʱ£¬ÓÉ°ü¹Ü¹«Ë¾Åâ³¥Ö´·¨ËßËÏÓöȼ°¼ç¸ºÆäËüÏìÓ¦ÃñÊÂÅâ³¥ÔðÈεİü¹Ü£¨ËÎÒ»ÐÀ¡¢ËïºêÌΣ¬2016£©¡£¸÷ÈË¿´µ½¡°²»µ±ÐÐΪ¡±Ëĸö×Öʱ£¬¿ÉÄÜÐÄÀíÒ»¿©à⣬ÏëÕâ²»ÊÇʵ´¸ÁËô£¬Äã¿´£¬²»µ±ÐÐΪҲ¹ÜÅâ¡£²»¹ýÐèÒª³ÎÇåµÄÊÇ£¬ÕâÀïµÄ¡°²»µ±ÐÐΪ¡±£¬ÊÇÖ¸ÖÒʵµÄÖÎÀíÍŶӵġ°¹ýʧÐÐΪ¡±£¬¶ø²»°üÀ¨¶ñÒ⡢Υ·´ÖÒ³ÏÒåÎñ(fiduciary duties)¡¢ÐÅÏ¢Åû¶ÖоÓÐĵÄÐéα»òÎóµ¼ÐÔ³ÂÊö¡¢Î¥·´Ö´·¨µÄÐÐΪ¡£ÒÔÊÇÔÚÈðÐÒ¿§·ÈÕâ¼þÊÂÇéÖУ¬ÄÜ·ñÀíÅâµÄÒªº¦ÔÚÓÚ֤ȯî¿Ïµ²¿·Ö½éÈëÊÓ²ìºóµÄ×îÖÕ¶¨ÐÔ¡£Ò»Ñùƽ³£¶øÑÔ£¬ÈôÊÇÊǾÓÐĵIJÆÎñÔì¼ÙºÍ»á¼ÆÎ¥¹æ£¬°ü¹Ü¹«Ë¾¶Ô¶ÔðÏÕÉúźÜÄÑÀíÅâ¡£
ÄÇô¸÷ÈË¿ÉÄÜ»áºÃÆ棬ÕâÑùÒ»¸ö¶ÔðÏÕÉèÁ¢µÄ³õÖ¾ºÍ±£´æµÄÒâÒåÊÇʲôÄØ£¿¶ÔðÏÕÆðÔ´ÓÚÃÀ¹ú£¬Ëæ×Å1993Äê֤ȯ·¨µÄͨ¹ý£¬ÃÀ¹úÉÏÊй«Ë¾¶Êº͸߹ÜÖ°Ô±ÐèÒª¼ç¸ºµÄΣº¦ÔöÌí£¬ÔÚ´ËÅä¾°Ï¿ªÆôÁ˸ÃÏÕÖÖµÄÏȺӡ£¶øÔÚÖйú2002Ä깫²¼¡¶ÉÏÊй«Ë¾ÖÎÀí×¼Ôò¡·£¬Ã÷È·»®¶¨ÉÏÊй«Ë¾¸ß¹ÜµÄÃñÊÂÅâ³¥ÔðÈκó£¬ÖйúÉÏÊй«Ë¾Ê×´ÎÒýÈë¶Ê¸߹ÜÔðÈΰü¹Ü¡£Ëü·ºÆðÒÔºó£¬Ñ§Êõ½ç¶ÔËüµÄ×÷ÓÃÐγÉÁËÈýÖÖ²î±ðµÄ¿´·¨¡£
µÚÒ»ÖÖ¿´·¨½Ð¡°ÖÎÀí²ã¼¤Àø¼Ù˵¡±¡£ÔÚ¹«Ë¾ÖÎÀíµÄÑо¿ÖÐÓÐÒ»¸ö¾µäÄÑÌ⣬¾ÍÊǹɶ«¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÊèɢͶ×ʽµµÍ×Ô¼ºÍ¶×Ê×éºÏµÄΣº¦£¬¶øÖÎÀíÍŶӵļ¨Ð§ÊÕÈëÖ»ÄÜÈ¡¾öÓÚËûÃÇËùÊÂÇéµÄÕâÒ»¼Ò¹«Ë¾£¬ÒÔÊǹɶ«¼á³ÖΣº¦ÖÐÁ¢£¬ÖÎÀí²ãÇãÏòÓÚΣº¦Ñá¶ñ£¬¸ü¿ÉÄܾܾøһЩΣº¦½Ï¸ßµ«ÓмÛÖµµÄÏîÄ¿¡£¶ø¶ÔðÏյı£´æ£¬¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý½«ÖÎÀíÍŶӡ°ÖÒʵ¡±µÄ¹ýʧΣº¦×ªÒÆ£¬½µµÍÖÎÀíÍŶӵÄΣº¦Ñá¶ñ£¬Òý·¢ËûÃÇÂÄÖ°µÄÆð¾¢ÐÔ£¬´Ó¶øÌáÉý¹«Ë¾¼ÛÖµ£¨Hwang and Kim, 2018£©¡£Õâ¶Ô¹«Ë¾Á¢ÒìµÄÓ°ÏìÓÈÆäÖ÷Òª£¬ÓÉÓÚÖÎÀíÕßΣº¦ÈÝÈÌÊÇÓ°ÏìÆóÒµÁ¢ÒìµÄÖ÷ÒªÒòËØ¡£×î½üÒÔA¹ÉÉÏÊй«Ë¾Êý¾ÝΪÑù±¾µÄÑо¿¾Í·¢Ã÷ΪÖÎÀíÕßÈϹº¶ÔðÏÕÏÔÖøÍƶ¯ÁËÆóÒµµÄ×ÔÖ÷Á¢ÒìÐÐΪ£¨ºú¹úÁø¡¢ÕÔÑô¡¢ºú¬B£¬2019£©¡£
µÚ¶þÖÖ¿´·¨ÊÇ¡°Íⲿ¼àÊÓ¼Ù˵¡±¡£°ü¹Ü¹«Ë¾ÓµÓÐרҵÍŶӣ¬¶Ô³Ð±£ÆóÒµÖÎÀíˮƽºÍΣº¦¾ÙÐÐÊÓ²ìÆÀ¹À¡£Òò´Ë£¬°ü¹Ü¹«Ë¾¼È±£´æ¶Ô³Ð±£¹«Ë¾µÄ¹Ø×¢ÄîÍ·£¬Ó־߱¸¼àÊӳб£¹«Ë¾µÄרҵÄÜÁ¦£¬¿ÉÒÔÓÐÓÃÊ©Õ¹¶Ô¹«Ë¾ÖÎÀíµÄÍⲿ¼àÊÓ×÷Óá£ÎÞÂÛÊÇÆóҵͶ±£Ç°»òÊÇͶ±£ºó£¬°ü¹Ü¹«Ë¾¶¼»áÔËÓÃһϵöÐж¯À´¼àÊÓÆóÒµµÄÉÌÒµÐÐΪ£¬È·±£ÆóÒµÖÎÀí²ãµÄ¾öÒé´Ó°ü¹Ü¹É¶«ÀûÒæµÄ½Ç¶È³ö·¢£¬ïÔÌÆóÒµ±»ËßËϵÄΣº¦¡£
µÚÈýÖÖ¿´¹æÔòÊÇÎÒÃÇÔÚÎÄÕ¿ªÍ·Ìáµ½µÄ¡°Æ·µÂΣº¦¼Ù˵¡±¡£ÕâÖÖ¿´·¨ÒÔΪ£¬¶ÔðÏÕÄܹ»×ÊÖúÖÎÀíÕß¹æ±ÜËßËÏΣº¦ºÍ½µµÍËßËϱ¾Ç®£¬»áʹµÃÖÎÀíÕ߸üÎÞºó¹ËÖ®ÓǵØÈ¥¾ÙÐÐͶÆõÐÐΪ¡£Ñо¿·¢Ã÷ÓÉÓÚ°ü¹Ü»ú¹¹µÄÅâ³¥½µµÍÁËͶ×ÊÕßËßËϵÄÕðÉå×÷Óã¬ÖÎÀíÕß»áÍƽø¹«Ë¾·ÇÏà¹Ø²¢¹ºµÄÓªÒµ£¨Lin µÈ£¬2011£©£¬ÒÔ±ã´ÓÖлñȡ˽Òæ¡£¸ß¹ÜÒ²¿ÉÄܾÙÐиü¶à¶Ì´û³¤Í¶£¬´Ó¶ø¼ÓÖÁ¹«Ë¾µÄı»®Î£º¦£¨ÀµÀèµÈ£¬2019£©¡£±ðµÄ£¬´ó¹É¶«Ò²¿ÉÄÜͨ¹ýΪ¸ß¹Ü¹ºÖöÔðÏÕ£¬×ÊÖú¸ß¹ÜתÒÆËßËÏΣº¦£¬½ø¶øÔö½ø¸ß¹ÜµÄ¡°Í¬Ä±¡±ÒâÔ¸£¨ZouµÈ£¬2008£©¡£ÓÐÑо¿¾Í·¢Ã÷£¬´ó¹É¶«Í¨¹ýΪ¸ß¹Ü¹ºÖöÔðÏÕ£¬ÇýʹÖÎÀíÕßÓëÆäÒ»ÆðÎ¥¹æʹÓù«Ë¾¹É¼Û£¬»ñȡ˽Àû£¨Rees, 2010£©¡£
ÄÇôÕâÈýÖÖ¿´·¨ÄÄÒ»ÖÖ¸ü¿¿Æ×ÄØ£¿
ÏÖÕæÏàÐÎÍùÍù±ÈÀíÂÛÄ£×ÓÖØ´óµÃ¶à¡£Ðí¶àʱ¼ä£¬¹¤¾ßµÄЧ¹ûÒª¿´ÔõÑùʹÓ᣺ñÈÔÚ¹«Ë¾ÖÎÀíÖÐÎÒÃǹãΪÊìϤµÄÒ»Ï¾ß£¬Îª¸ß¹ÜÍŶÓÊÚÓèÆÚȨ»òÕß¹ÉȨ£¬Ê¹µÃ¸ß¹ÜÍŶӺ͹ɶ«µÄÀûÒæÇ÷ͬ£¬´Ó¶ø¼¤Àø¸ß¹Ü×ö³ö¹É¶«¼ÛÖµ×î´ó»¯µÄÕ½ÂÔÑ¡Ôñ£¬ÕâÊÇÎÒÃǸ÷È˶¼ÊìϤµÄÒ»Ïî¡°ºÃ¹¤¾ß¡±¡£È»¶ø£¬²»¾ÃÇ°ÃÀ¹ÉÈÛ¶ÏƵ·¢Ï²¨Òô¹«Ë¾µÄ±©µø£¬Ç¡Ç¡Ì»Â¶ÁËÆÚȨÊÚÓè/¹ÉȨÊÚÓèÕâÒ»¡°ºÃ¹¤¾ß¡±µÄ»µÓÃ;£º²¨Òô¹«Ë¾µÄ¸ß¹Ü²»µ«½«ÀûÈóƵÈÔµØÓÃÓÚ¹ÉƱ»Ø¹ºÀ´ÍƸ߹«Ë¾¹É¼Û[×¢£º²¨Òô2017ÄêÀûÈó84.6ÒÚÃÀÔª£¬»Ø¹º¹ÉƱ92ÒÚÃÀÔª£»2018ÄêÀûÈó104.6ÒÚÃÀÔª£¬»Ø¹º¹ÉƱ90ÒÚÃÀÔª]£¬ÉõÖÁÔÚı»®·ºÆðΣ»úµÄÇéÐÎÏ»¹¾ÙÕ®À´¾ÙÐйÉƱ»Ø¹º[×¢£º²¨Òô2019Äê¾»¿÷Ëð6.36ÒÚÃÀÔª£¬»Ø¹º¹ÉƱ26.5ÒÚÃÀÔª]¡£ÖÎÀíÍŶÓÕâÑùµØ¡°Îª¹É¶«×ÅÏ롱£¬×ÅʵÊÇÈÃÈËÍ·ÌÛ¡£
µÀ¸ßÒ»³ß£¬Ä§¸ßÒ»ÕÉ£¬ÄÇô£¬¡°µÀ¡±ÔÙÔõÑù¸ß»ØÈ¥ÄØ£¿ÕâÒ²Ðí¾ÍÊǹ«Ë¾ÖÎÀíÕâ¸öÑо¿ÁìÓòÒýÈËÕÛÑüµÄÔµ¹ÊÔÓÉ°É¡£
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×£º
£¨1£©ºú¹úÁø¡¢ÕÔÑô¡¢ºú¬B£º¡¶D&O°ü¹Ü¡¢Î£º¦ÈÝÈÌÓëÆóÒµ×ÔÖ÷Á¢Òì¡·£¬¡¶ÖÎÀíÌìÏ¡·£¬2019ÄêµÚ8ÆÚ¡£
£¨2£©ÀµÀè¡¢ÌÆÜ¿Üç¡¢ÏÄÏþÀ¼¡¢ÂíÓÀÇ¿£º¡¶¶Ê¸߹ÜÔðÈΰü¹Ü½µµÍÁËÆóҵΣº¦Âð?¡ª¡ª»ùÓڶ̴û³¤Í¶ºÍÐÅ´û»ñÈ¡µÄÊӽǡ·£¬¡¶ÖÎÀíÌìÏ¡·,2019ÄêµÚ10ÆÚ¡£
£¨3£©ËÎÒ»ÐÀ¡¢ËïºêÌΣº¡¶¶ÊÂÔðÈΰü¹ÜÓëͶ×ÊÕßȨÒæ±£»¤¡·£¬Ö´·¨³öÊéÉ磬2016Äê¡£
£¨4£©Hwang£¬J. H. and Kim£¬B.£¬2018£¬¡°Directors¡¯and Officers¡¯Liability Insurance and Firm Value¡±£¬Journal of Risk & Insurance£¬Vol.85£¨2£©£¬pp.447~482.
£¨5£©Lin£¬C.£¬Officer£¬M. S.£¬Zou£¬H.£¬2011£¬"Directors' and officers' liability insurance and acquisition outcomes"£¬Journal of Financial Economics£¬102(3)£¬pp.507~525.
£¨6£© Rees£¬R.£¬Radulescu£¬D. and Egger£¬P.£¬2011£¬"Corporate Governance and Managerial Incentives: Evidence From the Market for D&O Insurance"£¬working paper£¬ETH Zurich.
£¨7£© Zou£¬H.£¬Wong£¬S. and Shum£¬C.£¬et al£¬2008£¬"Controlling-minority shareholder incentive conflicts and directors¡¯ and officers¡¯ liability insurance: Evidence from China"£¬Journal of Banking & Finance£¬32(12)£¬pp.2636~2645.
Ò×Ï£Þ±£¬ÏÖÈÎΰÒײ©×éÖ¯ÓëÕ½ÂÔÖÎÀíϵÖúÀí½ÌÊÚ¡¢²©Ê¿Éúµ¼Ê¦¡£Ñо¿ÁìÓò°üÀ¨¸ß²ãÖÎÀíÍŶÓÓëÕ½ÂÔ¾öÒé¡¢´´ÒµÆóÒµµÄÉú³¤¡¢ÖйúÆóÒµµÄ¹ú¼Ê»¯µÈ¡£Ñо¿Ð§¹û½ÒÏþÓÚ¹ú¼Ê¶¥¼âѧÊõÆÚ¿¯Strategic Management Journal¡¢Academy of Management Perspective¡£ÏÖÔÚÖ÷³Ö¹ú¼Ò×ÔÈ»¿Æѧ»ù½ðÇàÄêÏîÄ¿¡°ÐÂÈÎCEOÔçÆÚ½âƸΣº¦µÄÇ°ÒòºÍÖÎÀí¡±ÒÔ¼°¡°Î°Òײ©Í·ÄÔÁ¦¡±Æ½Ì¨µÄ¡°ÖªÊ¶²úȨ±£»¤ÓëרÀûÕ½ÂÔ¡±¿ÎÌâ¡£
Ïà¹ØÁ´½Ó£º
ÂÞì¿£ºÈðÐÒ²ÆÎñÔì¼ÙÊÂÎñµÄÆôʾ¡ª¡ª»ùÓÚ300¶à¼ÒÖиŹɵÄÑо¿ÆÊÎö
Ò×Ï£Þ±£º´Ó¡°ÊÓ¾õÖйú¡±ÊÂÎñ¿´ÆóÒµÔõÑù½¡È«ÖªÊ¶×ʲúÖÎÀíϵͳ
ÔõÑù½µµÍÆóÒµÕƶæÈ˳óÎÅ¡°°ó¼Ü¡±ÆóÒµµÄΣº¦£¿